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All Q&A
1

Describe the Three-Schema Architecture of DBMS. Distinguish Physical Data Independence and Logical Independence.

 3 December, 2024
The goal of the three-schema architecture is to separate the user applications and the physical database. In this architecture, schemas can be defined at 3 levels:
2

Discuss the ACID properties of transaction.

 3 December, 2024
A transaction is a very small unit of a program and it may contain several low-level tasks. A transaction in a database system must maintain Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability − commonly known as ACID properties − in order to ensure accuracy, completeness, and data integrity.
3

Write short notes: B tree

 3 December, 2024
A B-tree is a tree structure where every node corresponds to a disk page and which satisfies the following properties:
4

What is Weak entity set? Explain with suitable example.

 3 December, 2024
The entity set which does not have sufficient attributes to form a primary key is called as Weak entity set.
5

What do you mean by ‘Ternary Relationship’? Define the concept of aggregation with suitable example.

 3 December, 2024
This is a relationship between three entity types. In the real world there are relationships other than those involving two things. For example, suppose that we want to capture which employees use which skills on which project.
6

Consider the following tables:

DEPT (DCODE, DNAME)

EMP (ECODE, ENAME, BASIC, DCODE, DT_JN)

Write down the SQL statements for the following:

  1. For each department, show DNAME and total basic of the employee in the department.
  2. Find out the names of the department where no person is working.
  3. Find out the names of the employees who are working in the department named as ‘ABC’.
  4. Find out the maximum basic among the employees who have joined after year 2000.
 3 December, 2024
SELECT DNAME, SUM(BASIC) “TOTAL” FROM DEPT, EMP
7

With suitable examples, show how recovery in a database system can be done using Log Files with

  • Immediate updation
  • Deferred updation
 3 December, 2024
Deferred Update Recovery Also called NO-UNDO/REDO
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