What is the difference between under-reinforcement and over-reinforcement sections?
The differences between beam sections with under- and over-reinforcement are as follows:
Under-Reinforcement: This occurs when the balanced ratio of steel reinforcement is not used. This is an example of ductile failure, where the steel gives way before the concrete. Because it displays warning indicators like cracking, which allow for preventive measures, it is generally safer.
Over-Reinforcement: This is the result of using more steel than is balanced. In this instance, the concrete may crumble before the steel reaches its yield strength, leading to brittle failure. It is less safe and more unpredictable because there are often few or no warning indicators prior to collapse.
In summary, under-reinforcement provides warning and ductility, while over-reinforcement may lead to unexpected and sudden failures.
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