What is surface irrigation? Discuss the types and applications.
Surface irrigation involves applying water directly to the soil surface, allowing it to infiltrate into the root zone. Common types include:
Furrow Irrigation: Water flows in small channels between rows of crops. It’s suitable for row crops and helps reduce water wastage.
Border Irrigation: Fields are divided into strips or borders, and water flows down the borders. It’s effective for large, flat fields.
Basin Irrigation: Land is divided into small, level basins surrounded by bunds. It’s used for crops like rice that need standing water.
Flood Irrigation: Water is applied to the entire field, allowing it to cover the land. It’s simple but can lead to high water wastage.
Surface irrigation is cost-effective but may require careful management to avoid waterlogging and inefficiency.
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What is surface irrigation? Discuss the types and applications.
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