The neutral axis of a beam is the line in its cross-section that is not stressed by tensile or compressive forces. It makes a distinction between the regions of compression, where squeezing occurs, and tension, where stretching occurs.

The Neutral Axis's Functions

Stress Transition Point: The neutral axis is the point at which stresses change from compression to tension, or vice versa.There is no bending stress at this axis.

Beam Design and Analysis: Engineers can guarantee structural stability and design the appropriate reinforcement by using the neutral axis' position to determine the distribution of stresses within the beam.

Deflection and Bending: Deflection patterns can be predicted by projecting the beam's bending behavior under load.