The primary areas of a cantilever beam that bend when a load is applied are the compression and tension zones:

The compression zone is located in the lower  portion of the beam.

Function: Compressive forces are applied here as the beam bends downward, and the concrete is able to withstand these stresses.

Significance: By considering this zone, engineers can more effectively design a beam to withstand compression failure.

Zone of Tension: Placement: At the beam's upper portion.

Function: This part needs to be reinforced with steel to withstand tensile forces because concrete is weak in tension.

Significance: Establishing this zone is crucial to installing reinforcement correctly, preventing cracks, and ensuring the beam's safety.