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Question:
Published on: 28 March, 2024

Define microwave. What is the significance of using ‘S’ parameter in microwave engineering.

Answer:

Microwaves are a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelength ranging from as long as one meter to as short as one millimeter, or equivalently, with frequencies between 300 MHz (0.3 GHz) and 300 GHz.

In microwave engineering a practical problem exists when trying to measure voltage and current at microwave frequencies because direct measurement usually involve the magnitude (inferred from power) and phase of a wave traveling in a given direction or of a standing wave. Thus, equivalent voltages and currents and the related impedance and admittance matrices, become somewhat of an abstraction when dealing with high frequency networks.

A representation more in accord with direct measurement and with the ideas of incident, reflected and transmitted waves, is given by the scattering matrix of ‘S’ parameter.

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